Joint beamforming and power control algorithm for cognitive MIMO broadcast channels via game theory

In this paper, we present a game-theoretic approach for the purpose of deriving the problem of joint beamforming and power control in cognitive radio (CR) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) broadcast channels (CR MIMO-BCs), where the primary users (PUs) coexist with the secondary users (SUs) and they share the same spectrum. The cognitive base station (CBS), which is equipped with multiple antennas, is capable of transmitting data to the SU’s multiple-antenna receiver by employing the technology of beamforming. The proposed approach is an application of separable games, which are formally stated by the subgames of beamforming and power control. Furthermore, based on the model of noncooperative separate games, separable cost functions for the parameters of beamforming and power control are also proposed, showing that these cost functions are convex. Therefore, the convex theory of a noncooperative game can be employed to investigate the best response strategies as well as existence of Nash equilibrium solutions. Finally, we propose an iterative algorithm to achieve the optimal Nash equilibrium of the proposed joint beamforming subgame and power control subgame. Numerical results verify both the convergence and the tracking properties of the proposed algorithm for variant scenarios.